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Introduction to Library Research

The CRAAP Test is not for everyone. Some of these other sources may help you more!

  • 5Ws
    • Who
      • Who published the book, article, or website?
    • What
      • Is the information presented as fact or opinion?
      • Does the information appear objective and impartial or without bias?
    • When
      • When was the source published or last updated?
    • Where
      •  Are sources cited?
      • Are there charts, graphs, or other evidence to back up claims?
    • Why
      • Does the information help you answer your research question?
      • Does the information provide a good scope?
  • SIFT
  • RADAR
    • ​​​​​​​Relevance – How is it relevant to your assignment?
    • Authority – Who/what is the source (author, publisher)?
    • Date - Is the publication date important to you?
    • Appearance – Does the information look professional or academic? Does it have citations and references?
    • Reason for Writing - Why did the author publish this information?